Blogs

Domain Name System ( DNS ) is one of the most critical infrastructure pieces of the internet. Every website visit, API call, or email delivery begins with a DNS query. While most organizations rely on managed DNS providers, self-hosting a DNS nameserver can be a powerful learning experience and, in some cases, a practical solution for greater control, privacy, or experimentation. In this blog, we will: Understand how DNS works at a global scale Explore real-world DNS architecture and infrastructure Walk through self-hosting an authoritative DNS server using PowerDNS This article is aimed at system administrators, DevOps engineers, and curious learners who want to go deeper than “just use a managed DNS provider.” ...

Introduction The World Wide Web (WWW) was invented in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee, but it wasn’t until 1991 that it became publicly available. Since then, the internet has evolved dramatically, with billions of users accessing websites daily. At the core of this communication lies the web server a foundational component that delivers content from a server to a user’s browser. Among the most popular web servers today is Nginx (pronounced engine-x), known for its high performance, scalability, and efficiency. ...

SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) and its successor, TLS (Transport Layer Security), are the cryptographic protocols that secure data transmitted over the Internet. They ensure: Confidentiality: Your data is only accessible to the client and server. Integrity: Your data is not altered in transit. Authentication: You are communicating with the real server. When you see the padlock icon in your browser, that’s TLS protecting your connection. SSL was the original protocol developed at Netscape in 1994, but it is now obsolete due to security flaws. TLS is its modern, secure successor. Today, when people say “SSL,” they almost always mean “TLS.” The current version, TLS 1.3, is faster and more secure than its predecessors. ...

Kubernetes also known as K8s is an open-source container orchestration system for automating software deployment, scaling, and management. Originally designed by Google, the project is now maintained by a worldwide community of contributors and the trademark is held by the CNCF(Cloud Native Computing Foundation). Kubernetes assembles one or more computers, either virtual machines or bare metal, into a cluster which can run workloads in containers. What features does it provide ? Container Orchestration ...

Go is a simple, fast, and concurrent programming language. Its simplicity in design makes it an amazing programming language to work with. Go is currently gaining a lot of popularity, and a lot of organizations now prefer to write their backend in Go. Go was designed at Google in 2007 by Robert Griesemer, Rob Pike, and Ken Thompson to improve programming productivity in an era of multicore, networked machines and large codebases.The designers wanted to address criticisms of other languages in use at Google, but keep their useful characteristics: ...

Docker is just a tool in your toolbox which can help you in your development lifecycle and make you a better software developer. You can still do everything without it but in the hard way. What to expect from this blog post? In this blog post, I will discuss a little bit about Virtualization, Containers and where it used before diving deep into detailed instructions on using Docker. I will explain about Docker images, running Docker containers, Docker networking, Docker volumes and how it all works. ...

When it comes to network communication, two key protocols come into play: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol). Both serve different purposes, and understanding their differences is crucial for building efficient communication systems. TCP: Reliable, Connection-Oriented Communication TCP is all about reliability. It establishes a connection between client and server, ensuring every packet of data arrives safely and in order. This makes it ideal for use cases like: ...

Time at it’s simplest is just a series of increasing seconds. However, keeping track of time across the world is a much more difficult practice. Let’s look at the basics of how time works and then we will see ways how we manage it in computers. Understanding UTC Coordinated Universal Time or UTC is the primary time standard by which the world regulates clocks and time. UTC, or Coordinated Universal Time, isn’t an actual time zone, but it is a time standard. It doesn’t change for Daylight Saving, and all other time zones are measured in their relation to UTC. ...

Programming languages are formal systems designed for expressing computations. They are used to instruct computers and create software applications. There are numerous programming languages, each with its own syntax, semantics, and purposes. Types of programming languages Domain specific like SQL General purpose like C++, Java, Python, PHP. The domain-specific languages are used within specific application domains. For example, SQL is a domain-specific language. It’s used mainly for querying data from relational databases. And SQL cannot be used for other purposes. ...

Git and GitHub have become indispensable tools for developers and teams working on software projects. Git is a distributed version control system, and GitHub is a web-based platform that enhances collaboration and code sharing. In this blog, we’ll focus on four fundamental Git commands that every developer should know and expand on other essential topics related to Git and GitHub. 1. Git Initialization ( git init ) To start version controlling your project with Git, you first need to initialize a repository. The git init command creates a new Git repository in your project directory. It establishes a .git directory that tracks changes and manages your project’s history. ...